2022-09-29 21:04:58 +08:00
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# 国际化
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## 基础概念
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多语言国际化支持根据服务端和客户端分为两大部分,各自有相应的实现。
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语言配置均为普通的 JSON 对象键值对,如果没有翻译文件(或省略编写)的话会直接输出键名的字符串。
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### 服务端
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服务端的多语言国际化基于 npm 包 [i18next](https://npmjs.com/package/i18next) 实现,在服务端应用初始化时会创建一个 i18next 实例,同时也会将此实例注入到请求上下文(`context`)中,以供在各处方便的使用。
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在创建服务端 Application 实例时可以传入配置对应的初始化参数:
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```ts
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import { Application } from '@nocobase/server';
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const app = new Application({
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i18n: {
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defaultNS: 'test',
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resources: {
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'en-US': {
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test: {
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hello: 'Hello',
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},
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},
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'zh-CN': {
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test: {
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hello: '你好',
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}
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}
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}
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}
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});
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```
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或者在插件中对已存在的 app 实例添加语言数据至对应命名空间:
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```ts
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app.i18n.addResources('zh-CN', 'test', {
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Hello: '你好',
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World: '世界',
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});
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app.i18n.addResources('en-US', 'test', {
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Hello: 'Hello',
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World: 'World',
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});
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```
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基于应用:
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```ts
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app.i18n.t('World') // “世界”或“World”
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```
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基于请求:
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```ts
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app.resource({
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name: 'test',
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actions: {
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async get(ctx, next) {
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ctx.body = `${ctx.t('Hello')} ${ctx.t('World')}`;
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await next();
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}
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}
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});
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```
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通常服务端的多语言处理主要用于错误信息的输出。
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### 客户端
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客户端的多语言国际化基于 npm 包 [react-i18next](https://npmjs.com/package/react-i18next) 实现,在应用顶层提供了 `<I18nextProvider>` 组件的包装,可以在任意位置直接使用相关的方法。
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2022-10-16 17:20:53 +08:00
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添加语言包:
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```tsx | pure
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import { i18n } from '@nocobase/client';
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i18n.addResources('zh-CN', 'test', {
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Hello: '你好',
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World: '世界',
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});
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```
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注:这里第二个参数填写的 `'test'` 是语言的命名空间,通常插件自己定义的语言资源都应该按自己插件包名创建特定的命名空间,以避免和其他语音资源冲突。NocoBase 中默认的命名空间是 `'client'`,大部分常用和基础的语言翻译都放置在此命名空间,当没有提供所需语言时,可在插件自身的命名空间内进行扩展定义。
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2022-09-29 21:04:58 +08:00
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在组件中调用翻译函数:
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```tsx | pure
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import React from 'react';
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import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
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export default function MyComponent() {
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// 使用之前定义的命名空间
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const { t } = useTranslation('test');
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return (
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<div>
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<p>{t('World')}</p>
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</div>
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);
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}
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```
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2022-10-16 17:20:53 +08:00
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在 SchemaComponent 组件中可以直接使用模板方法 `'{{t(<languageKey>)}}'`,模板中的翻译函数会自动被执行:
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2022-10-16 17:20:53 +08:00
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```tsx | pure
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2022-09-29 21:04:58 +08:00
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import React from 'react';
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import { SchemaComponent } from '@nocobase/client';
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export default function MySchemaComponent() {
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return (
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<SchemaComponent
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schema={{
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type: 'string',
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'x-component': 'Input',
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'x-component-props': {
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value: '{{t("Hello", { ns: "test" })}}'
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},
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}}
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/>
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);
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}
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```
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2022-10-16 17:20:53 +08:00
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在某些特殊情况下也需要以模板的方式定义多语言时,可以使用 NocoBase 内置的 `compile()` 方法编译为多语言结果:
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```tsx | pure
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import React from 'react';
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import { useCompile } from '@nocobase/client';
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const title = '{{t("Hello", { ns: "test" })}}';
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export default function MyComponent() {
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const { compile } = useCompile();
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return (
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<div>{compile(title)}</div>
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);
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}
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```
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### 建议配置
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当添加语言资源时,推荐在 JSON 配置模板中将语言串的键名设置为默认语言,更方便统一处理,且可以省去默认语言的翻译。例如以英语为默认语言:
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```ts
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i18n.addResources('zh-CN', 'your-namespace', {
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'Show dialog': '显示对话框',
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'Hide dialog': '隐藏对话框'
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});
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```
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语言内容如果比较多,推荐在插件中创建一个 `locals` 目录,并把对应语言文件都放置在其中方便管理:
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```
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- server
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| - locals
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| | - zh-CN.ts
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| | - en-US.ts
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| | - ...
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| - index.ts
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```
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2022-09-29 21:04:58 +08:00
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## 示例
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### 服务端错误提示
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例如用户在店铺对某个商品下单时,如果商品的库存不够,或者未上架,那么下单接口被调用时,应该返回相应的错误。
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```ts
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const namespace = 'shop';
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export default class ShopPlugin extends Plugin {
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async load() {
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this.app.i18n.addResources('zh-CN', namespace, {
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'No such product': '商品不存在',
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'Product not on sale': '商品已下架',
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'Out of stock': '库存不足',
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});
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this.app.resource({
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name: 'orders',
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actions: {
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async create(ctx, next) {
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const productRepo = ctx.db.getRepository('products');
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const product = await productRepo.findOne({
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filterByTk: ctx.action.params.values.productId
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});
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if (!product) {
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return ctx.throw(404, ctx.t('No such product'));
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}
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if (!product.enabled) {
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return ctx.throw(400, ctx.t('Product not on sale'));
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}
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if (!product.inventory) {
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return ctx.throw(400, ctx.t('Out of stock'));
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}
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const orderRepo = ctx.db.getRepository('orders');
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ctx.body = await orderRepo.create({
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values: {
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productId: product.id,
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quantity: 1,
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totalPrice: product.price,
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userId: ctx.state.currentUser.id
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}
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});
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next();
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}
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}
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});
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}
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}
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```
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### 客户端组件多语言
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例如订单状态的组件,根据不同值有不同的文本显示:
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```tsx
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import React from 'react';
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import { Select } from 'antd';
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import { i18n } from '@nocobase/client';
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import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
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i18n.addResources('zh-CN', '@nocobase/plugin-sample-shop-i18n', {
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Pending: '已下单',
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Paid: '已支付',
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Delivered: '已发货',
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Received: '已签收'
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});
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const ORDER_STATUS_LIST = [
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{ value: -1, label: 'Canceled (untranslated)' },
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{ value: 0, label: 'Pending' },
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{ value: 1, label: 'Paid' },
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{ value: 2, label: 'Delivered' },
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{ value: 3, label: 'Received' },
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]
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function OrderStatusSelect() {
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const { t } = useTranslation('@nocobase/plugin-sample-shop-i18n');
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return (
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<Select style={{ minWidth: '8em' }}>
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{ORDER_STATUS_LIST.map(item => (
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<Select.Option value={item.value}>{t(item.label)}</Select.Option>
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))}
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</Select>
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);
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}
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export default function () {
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return (
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<OrderStatusSelect />
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);
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}
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```
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